Exotic Animals - Minor Pests
Brown Rat
Family: Muridae
Scientific names: Rattus norvegicus
Other common names: Norway rat, Sewer rat, Laboratory rat
Background
It is believed that the brown rat originated in China but rapidly spread throughout Europe as a result of its close association with humans. It is now common in urban areas of Australia, including the Northern Territory.
Feeding
Brown rats will eat almost anything. They are excellent foragers, but in urban areas will mainly survive on discarded food and scraps. They will also consume fruits, seeds, grains and small animals and reptiles.
Breeding
Under suitable conditions, brown rats will breed for much of the year, producing between five and seven litters. Males become sexually mature at three months of age, and females at four months. Because of the competition and aggression in brown rat hierarchies, brown rats display very low survival rates. Adults generally only live for about three years.
Impacts
The impacts of brown rats are not considered to be significant because they are primarily located in urban areas. However, brown rats will consume small birds, lizards, small native mammals and rodents and amphibians, leading to decreases in biodiversity. Brown rats will also compete with native species for resources.
What You Can Do
If you have a problem with brown rats in and around your house, you might consider the following options:
- Remove access to all food sources.
- Dispose of garbage away from your house.
- Remove any animal or pet foods that might be openly available.
- Rat-proof any food storage areas or containers.
